Idan aka ce Tafkin Chadi, ana nufin abu biyu ne, wato yankin ƙasa, da kuma wani babban tafki mai ɗauke da ruwa mara gudana.

Yankin Tafkin Chadi yanki ne a yamma-maso-tsakiyar nahiyar Afirka, wanda ya haɗa iyakokin ƙasashe huɗu, Chadi, Kamaru, Nijeriya, da Nijar.

Shi kuwa ruwan Tafkin Chadi, ruwa ne mara gudana wanda ya faɗa duka ƙasashen huɗu.

Girman Tafkin Chadi ya ta’allaƙa kan ƙaruwa ko raguwar ruwan da yake taruwa cikinsa, wanda ke bambanta duk shekara. Wannan ya sa faɗinsa yana canjawa a tarihi. Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ce ya ragu da fiye da kashi 90 cikin 100 a cikin shekaru 50.

Yayin da girmansa ya kai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 25,000 a shekarun 1960, a yau ya ragu sosai, inda ake hasashen cewa zai ci gaba da raguwa, ko da yake alƙaluma na baya bayan nan sun nuna cewa a shekaru 20 da suka gabata an samu ƙaruwar kwararar ruwa a tafkin.

Ya zuwa shakerar 2000, tafkin ya ragu zuwa murabba’in kilomita 1,500, wanda ya haifar da bayyanar tsibirai da fadamu a a gefe da tsakiyar ruwan.

Masu nazari kan Tafkin Chadi, suna ɗora alhakin ƙamfar ruwansa kan sauyin yanayi da ya addabi duniyarmu, da bunƙasar al’ummar yankunan kewayen tafkin masu dogara kacokan kan tafkin, da kuma tsananin fari a yankin Sahel.

Akwai shirin janyo ruwa daga Kogin Kwara da Kogin Benue, ko Kogin Ubangi na Jumhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka don farfaɗo da tafkin Chadi.

Albarkatun Tafkin Chadi

Tafkin Chadi na samar da ruwa ga fiye da mutum miliyan 45 mazauna garuruwan zagayensa, sannan tafkin ne wajen neman abincinsu da sana’arsu. 

Akwai nau’ukan kifi kusan 179 a Tafkin Chadi, sannan akwai halittu aƙalla 85 da suka haɗa da nau’i halittu 25 da a wajen kawai ake samun su.

Kazalika ana samun dabbobi irinsu dorinar-ruwa da kadoji da tsuntsaye kala-kala a zagayensa.

Albarkatun tafkin sun sa wajen ya zama cibiyar haɓaka tattalin arziƙin masunta, inda ake hada-hadar sayar da kifi nau’i-nau’i, har ma a fita da su ƙasashen duniya.

Ƙungiyoyin ta’adda a Tafkin Chadi

Yankin Tafkin Chadi shi ne wanda ya fi illatuwa daga ayyukan ta’addancin ƙungiyar Boko Haram tun shekarar 2009 da ma saura ƙungiyoyin tawaye, wanda ya shafi ƙasashen Nijeriya da Nijar da Kamaru da Chadi.

Hukumar cigaban al’umma ta UNDP ta ce mutum 350,000 sun rasa rayukansu a yankin saboda ta’addanci. MDD ta ce fiye da mutum miliyan 3.2 sun rabu da muhallansu, yayin da ƙungiyar agaji ta Reliefweb ta ce mutum miliyan 10 na tsananin buƙatar agaji.

A halin yanzu, wasu tsibiran cikin Tafkin Chadi sun zama matattarar ‘yan ta’adda da ke fakewa cikin tsibirai da fadamominsa masu ciyayi, inda daga nan suke kai harin sunƙuru cikin kwale-kwale, sannan su koma tafkin su ɓace.

Hukumar Raya Tafkin Chadi (LCBC)

Akwai Hukumar Kula da Cigaban Tafkin Chadi da aka samar a shekarar 1964 da nufin kula da tafkin, da rarraba albarkatunsa, da alkinta shi, da ma samar da tsaro da zaman lafiya a yankinsa.

Ƙasashe mambobi na hukumar ta LCBC su ne Nijeriya, Nijar, Kamaru da Chadi, sai kuma daga baya Jumhuryar Tsakiyar Afirka ta shiga a 1996, sai kuma Libya ma ta shiga a 2008.

Masar da Kongo da Jumhuriyar Dimokraɗiyyar Kongo su ma sun kasance mambobi masu sa-ido. Hedikwatar LCBC tana ƙasar Chadi ne, amma ƙasashe mambobin ne ke karo-karon kuɗaɗen da ake kula da hukumar.

Rundunar ƙasashen don yaki da ta’addanci (MNJTF)

Shekaru 15 kafin bayyanar Boko Haram, gwamnatin tarayyar Nijeriya ta kafa rundunar soji ta haɗin-gwiwa, wato MJNTF a shekarar 1994, da nufin daƙile ayyukan ta'addanci a yankin Tafkin Chadi, da kuma sauƙaƙa zirga-zirga a kan iyakar arewa maso gabashin Nijeriya.

Da fari, dakarun sojin Nijeriya ne a rundunar da ke aiki da haɗin gwiwar sojoji da hukumomin tsaron ƙasashe mambobin (LCBC). A 1998, rundunar ta shigar da sojojin Chadi da Nijar sannan Benin ta ba da rukunin sojoji amma ba su kai yawan na yin yaƙi ba.

Rundunar MNJTF ta taka rawa yayin ɓullar Boko Haram. Sai dai a Maris ɗin 2025, Nijar ta fice daga rundunar, bisa hujjar tana son inganta tsaron cikin gida. Masharhanta sun ta’allaƙa batun kan takun-saƙa tsakanin Nijeriya da gwamnatin sojar Nijar, bayan juyin mulkin 2023.

Masanan sun kuma ce hakan na iya kawo cikas a cigaba da yaƙi da ‘yan ta’adda da ƙasashen yankin Tafkin Chadin ke yi a halin yanzu.