Yanayi ne mai muni. An kai wani babban hari a yankin Kashmir da ke karkashin ikon India ko a India, kuma nan da nan New Delhi ta zargi Pakistan da daukar nauyin harin.

A koyaushe bayan India ta yi zargi ana samun matakin ukuba da ke biyo baya kan Islamabad, inda ‘yan siyasar kasar mai mutane biliyan 1.46 suka yi alkawarin hukunta mahran da wadanda ke daukar nauyin su. Pakistan, kasa mai yawan mutane 250, a koyaushe na yin karfin hali wajen kalubalantar matakan na India.

Sakamako: Kasashen biyu na kudancin Asiya da suka mallaki makaman nukiliya na gaf da gwabza yaki gaba da gaba, idan ba don wasu kasashe kawayensu sun shiga tsakani ba don hana afkuwar yakin.

Wannan ne salon alaka tsakanin Pakistan da India sama da shekaru goma, ana ta samun sabanin sojoji, rikicin kan iyaka da ma hare-hare ta sama a kan iyakokin juna.

Amma tun bayan hawa mulkin gwamnatin ‘yan kishin kasar India ta Firaminista Narendra Modi a 2014, wannan sabani ya karu ne sosai.

Gwamnatin Modi ba tashi daga teburin tattaunawa kawai ta yi ba a 2016 bayan harin da ‘yan bindiga suka kai Uri, amma a wani yunkuri na matsa lamba ga Pakistan, sai da tabbatar da babu wata tattaunawa da aka sake yi a tsakanin wadannan kasashe biyu da ba sa ga maciji.

A 2006 ne lokaci na karshe da India ta ziyarci pakistan don tattaunawa, ita kuma Pakistan ta je India a 2012 a 2013.

Harin ta’addanci na 2008 a Munbai da hayaniyar da ta biyo baya a yankin Kashmir da ke karkashin ikon India ne suka janyo dakatar da tattaunawar da ake yi da kara rikicewar al’amura a tsakanin bangarorin biyu.

A gefe guda kuma, Pakistan ta sha yin kira ga tattaunawa tare da raba siyasa da batun da ake tattaunawa a kai. Amma India a karkashin Modi ta nuna halin ko in kula, tana mai cewa babu yadda za a yi a yi wata tattaunawa da Pakistan matukar ta ci gaba da goya wa abin da New Delhi ta kira ta’addanci baya.

Rikicin baya bayan nan

Harin ta’addanci na 22 ga Afrilu da aka kai a Wadin Baisaran mai jan hankalin ‘yan yawon bude ido, a kusa da Pahalgam a yankin Kashmir da Indiya ke jagoranta ba, ya sake janyo yaki tsakanin kasashen biyu.

‘Yan bindiga biyar mambobin wata kungiyar ‘yan bindiga da ba a sani ba, Mayakan Tirjiya sun kai harin da ya yi ajalin fararen hula 26 — 24 ‘yan yawon bude ido na India, Kirista da Musul1mi daya-daya da jagorantar ‘yan yawon bude ido.

Kamar yadda yake a baya, kafafen yada labarai na India sun dauki ‘yan mintuna ne kawai sai suka dora alhakin ta’annatin a kan Pakistan ba tare da kawo wata hujja ba, a yayin da New Delhi suka sanar da daukar karin matakan da za su kara tabarbara alakar kasashen biyu da ke gaba da juna.

Matakan da India ta dauka zuwa yau sun hada da kara dankwafar da alakar diflomasiyya, dakatar da kasuwanci da kuma shiga hatsarin dakatar da Yarjejeniyar Ruwa ta Indus da aka sanya hannu a kai a karkashin garanton Bankn Duniya. a 1960, wadda ta tabbatar da raba dai-dai din tafkuna shida - kowace kasa ta dauki guda uku a tsakanin su.

A matakan ramuwar gayya da aka dauka, Pakistan ma ta sanar daukar matakin rage kimar alakar diflomasiyya da India, ta toshe hanyoyin kasuwanci, da hana jiragen saman India amfani da sararin samaniyar Pakistan.

Islamabad ta sanar da cewa duk wani yunkuri da India za ta yi na hana gangarowar ruwa daga tafkuna zuwa Pakistan zai zama wani ‘aiki na yaki’ kuma za a mayar da martani nan da nan.

A yanzu duniya na kallon ko New Delhi ta kai hari ta kasa ko ta sama kan Pakistan ko yankin Kashmir da take shugabanta a lokacin da Islamabad ta sha alwashin mayar da martanin ramuwa ga duk wani hari da za a kai mata.

Manyan kasashen duniya ciki har da Amurka sun dinga tattaunawa da shugabannin Pakistan da India, a kokarin kwnatar da yanayin.

Rasha, China, Iran mai makotaka da wsu manyan kasashen Gabas ta Tsakiya duk sun roki shugabannin Pakistan da India kan su dakata su warware rikicin ta hanyar diflomasiyya.

Daga Pulwama zuwa Pahalgam

Rikicin da ya barke tsakanin Pakistan da India bayan abinda ya faru a Pahalgam, tunatwarwa kan abind aya faru a watan Fabrairun 2019, a lokacin da kasashen ke kusantar juna cikin hatsari bayan harin kunar bakin wake da aka kai kan motoci ‘Yan sandan Gundumar Pulwama da ke yankin Kashmir da India ke da iko da shi, tare da kashe jami’an tsaro 40.

A wannan lokaci ma India ta dora alhakin rikici a kan kungiyar Jaish-e-Mohammed da ke Pakistan, amma daga baya an gano dan kunar bakin waken wani dan Kashmir ne, Adil Ahmad Dar.

Zarge-zargen India a wannan lokaci sun samu rakiyar hare-hae ta sama kan bodar kasa da kasa zuwa yankunan da ba a zama na Balakot a arewacin Pakistan.

Duk da New Delhi ta ce ta nufi sansanonin ‘yan bindiga ne, amma shaidar da aka gani a kasa ta samawa ikirarin na India.

Sai dai kuma, bayan wasu ‘yan awanni rundunar sojin Pakistan ta mayar da martani, ta kai hari kusa da sansanin sojin India daga bakin yankin Kashmir da ake rikici a kai.

A fafatawar da aka fara, Pakistan ta harbo jirgin saman yaki na India, yana mai cika alkawarin daukar fansa. Amma kuma, sojojin Pakistan sun bayyana harbo jiragen India guda biyu,

Tun da fari, an shaida irin wannan rikici tsakanin Pakistan da India bayan ‘yan bindiga sun kai hari sansanonin sojin saman India da ke Pathankot a watan Janairun 2016, da kuma helkwatar sojin India da ke kusa da garin Uri a watan Satumban 2016.

Ko da a ce duniya ta samu nasarar kwantar da hankali a yanzu a rikicin, a koyaushe za a samu tsoron cewa wadansu ‘yan mutane ne ke jefa kudancin Asiya ind aake kashe jami’an tsaro da fararen hula.

Idan aka kalli batun ta fuskar yadda India ta fahimce shi, za a ga cewa New Delhi ta dora alhakin samar da zaman lafiyar India da yankin Kashmir da ke karkashin ta a kan Pakistan, d ayankinta da ke dauke da ‘yan bindiga mafiya hatsari a duniya.

Saboda haka, a yayin da kawar da makamai ya zama wajibi don hana afkuwar babban yaki tsakanin kasashen biyu masu kakaman nukiliya, dole ne kuma a warware tushen rikicin a tsakanin makotan biyu.

Nauyin tarihi

Islamabad sun ce maimakon a dinga dora laifi kan Pakistan, kamata ya yi India ta kalli kanta don gano dlilan da suka sanya ake daukar makamai da rikici a yankin Kashmir da ke karkashin India, inda MDD ta yi alkawarin gudanar da kuri’ar jin ra’ayin jama’a a 1948 don bai wa jama’ar Kashmir damar zabar inda suke son zama, Pakistan ko India. Har yanzu ba a cika wannan alkawari ba.

Kashmir, yanki mafi yawan Musulmi a India, ya zama musabbabin rikicin biti a 1948 da 1965 da kuma karamin yaki na Kargil a 1999.

Tun 1989 ake rikici a yankin kashmir da ke karkashin ikon India, inda aka kashe dubunnan mutane a ‘yan shekarun nan, hare-haren mummuke kan jami’an sojin India sun ragu, amma yankin ya zama mai rikici a yayinda ya zama dole ga India ta yi amfani da karfi sosai don samun iko da shi.

A yayin da dubunnan ‘yan Kashmir ke laulayi a gidajen kurkuku, ana dora laifi kan dakarun India saboda keta hakkokin dan adam da cin fuska, ciki har da zalunci, kashe mutane ba tare da shari’a ba da fyade.

A ranar 5 ga Agustan 2019, Firaministan gwamnatin ‘yan kishin India Narendra Modi ya sauya matsayin yankin inda ya yi kwaskwarima ga sashe na 370 da 35-A na Kundin Tsarin Mulki tare da baiwa ‘yancin kwarya-kwaryar ‘yanci.

Tare da saba wa garantin Kundin Tsarin Mulkinsu, Matakin MDD da yarjejeniyar da suka kulla, India ta mayar da wannan yanki na rikici a matsayin wani bangare na kasarta. Ta dinka kama masu tayar da kayar baya tana daurewa, hana magana da samun yanar gizo.

Sauyin Kundin Tsarin Mulkin ya baiwa New Delhi damar daukar matakan da za su sauya fasalin Kashmir, wanda hakan ke kawo damuwa ga Musulman Kashmirsaboda za su zama ‘yan tsiraru marasa rinjaye a kasarsu.

A baya, ba a baiwa wadanda ba ‘yan kashmir ba izinin sayen kasa ko gonaki ko ma su zauna a yankin mai rikici, har ma da hakkin jefa kuri’a. Amma sauyin Kundin Tsarin Mulkin na Agustan 2019 ya suaya dukkan wadannan.

Kungiyoyin Kare Hakkokin ɗan’adam na Kasa da Kasa na bayyana cewa India na ci gaba da cusgunawa mutane a yankin Kashmir da take da iko da shi, ta sauya Kundin Tsarin Mulki ita kadai.

Babu mafita

Pakistan ta bayyana cewa sakamakon ruwa wannan matsayi na yankin, India ta sa ba za a taba kulla diflomasiyya da kyakkyawar alaka ba.

Firaministan Islamabad na lokacin Imran Khan, a yayin da yake yin shagube ga alakar diflomasiyya da kasuwanci tsakaninsu da India ya sanar da cewa ba za su yi wata tattaunawa da New Delhi ba har sai sun janye wannan sauyi na Kundin Tsarin Mulki mai rikitarwa.

Gwamnatin Pakistan ta yanzu karkashin Firaminista Shehbaz Sharif, ta ci gaba da dabbaka manufofin wadda ta gabace ta, duk da cewa akwai matsin lamba a cikin gida daga ‘yan kasuwa da ma wasu ‘yan siyasa na dawo da kasuwanci da India tare da gyara alaka.

Har masu son a kawo zaman lafiya a bangaren Pakistan ma sun nade hannayensu saboda babu masu son zaman lafiyar a India. Indiyawasun rufe duk wata kofa ta tattaunawa a samu zaman lafiya.

Diflomasiyyar amfani da karfi ta Firaminista Modi ta zama mai ba shi romon dimokuradiyya a India, inda makiya Pakistan da Musulmi ke cin kasuwarsu.

A yayin da da wahala ka ga an sako batun India a siyasar Pakistan, nuna adawa ga Pakistan ne babban makamin da ake cin zabe da shi a zabukan India.

A wajen gwamnatin Modi, matsa lamba ga Pakistan a lokacin da ta rarrabu a siyasance da fuskantar karayar tattalin arziki, zai zama wata dabara maimakon tunkara.

Amma kuma, mafi yawan ‘yan adawa a Pakistan sun riga sun rufe kofa game da kalubalen India da ke tafe. Har babbar jam’iyyar adawa ta Tehreek-einsaf, ta sanar da tana tare da rundunar sojin Pakistan idan har India ta kai hari, duk da ta nesanta kanta da gwamnatin Shenbaz a cikin wannan yanayi.

A takaice, ko da a ce diflomasiyyar kasa da kasa ta dakatar da rikicin Pahalgam, Pakistan da India za su ci gaba da nuna adawa ga juna saboda yadda kowa ya rike ra’ayinsa da ma matsin amba daga cikin gida.

Babu wata gwamnati da za ta yarda ta bayar da kai bori ya hau a halin da ake ciki a yanzu. 

Saboda haka, samun zaman lafiya ne kadai zabi mafi kyau ga dukkan bangarorin biyu, har nan da lokacin da za su cim-ma matsayar warware rikicin Kashmir bisa doron matakin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta dauka.